People of all ages are susceptible to the prevalent problem of knee discomfort. Whether it’s a sharp pain or a dull ache, knee pain can make everyday activities difficult and uncomfortable. Understanding the causes of knee pain is the first step in finding the right treatment. Here are six main reasons why your knees might hurt.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is one of the most common causes of knee pain, especially in older adults. It occurs when the cartilage that cushions the joints wears down over time, leading to pain, stiffness, and swelling. The pain often gets worse with activity and improves with rest. Managing osteoarthritis typically involves exercise, weight management, and sometimes medication.
Ligament Injuries
The knee is supported by several ligaments, which can be injured during sports or accidents. The most commonly injured ligament is the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), which is crucial for knee stability. A torn ACL can cause severe pain, swelling, and difficulty walking. Depending on how severe the damage is, physical therapy or surgery may be required for treatment. A segment of cartilage called the meniscus serves as a cushion between the shinbone and the thigh bone. A sudden twist or turn, especially during sports, can cause the meniscus to tear. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the knee. In some cases, the knee may feel like it’s catching or locking. Treatment ranges from rest and ice to surgery in more severe cases.
Tendonitis
The thick cords that connect muscles to bones are called tendons, and tendonitis is an inflammation of them. In the knee, it often affects the patellar tendon, which connects the kneecap to the shinbone. Tendonitis is common in athletes who frequently jump or run, and it causes pain just below the kneecap. Rest, ice, and stretching exercises are usually effective treatments.
Bursitis
Bursae are small fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction between bones and soft tissues in the joints. Knee bursitis occurs when one of these sacs becomes inflamed, often due to repetitive pressure or trauma. It causes pain, swelling, and tenderness in the knee. Treatment typically involves resting the knee, using ice, and taking anti-inflammatory medications.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes the body’s immune system to attack the joints, leading to inflammation, pain, and swelling. Unlike osteoarthritis, which is due to wear and tear, rheumatoid arthritis can affect people at any age and may affect multiple joints. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to managing the symptoms and preventing joint damage.